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| В J ќ 6 й Amanda McGarry
1/26/04
English 11- H/ Mrs. Wecht
Analysis of Symbolism and Events in Chapter Six
While the only major event in chapter six is Daisys arrival at Gatsbys party, the chapter provides the reader with more background information and delves deeper into the characterization of Gatsby, Tom, and Daisy. This chapter builds upon Daisy and Gatsbys meeting, a climax which occurred in chapter five, while establishing tension between Gatsby, Tom, and Daisy which will come to a head in the hotel room scene in chapter seven. Through flashbacks at the beginning and end of the chapter, Gatsbys intense determination to achieve his goals is evinced; he achieves monetary success after the influence of Dan Cody and personal success by falling in love with Daisy. In his flashbacks, Gatsby uses his faith in God to rationalize the new identity he has created, and finally feels secure in his new identity as Jay Gatsby after he kisses Daisy. A major theme in this chapter is Gatsbys belief that one can repeat the past (Fitzgerald 111). Without this belief, Gatsby would not have foolishly held on to the thought of marrying Daisy and would not have tried so hard to become the man that would appeal most to her. The events in this chapter are further attempts by Gatsby to entreat Daisy to join him in repeating the past (Fitzgerald 111) as it was five years ago, with symbols exposing the truth behind the lies and deceiving appearances that these troubled aristocrats attain. Although Gatsby was not born wealthy, he was able to convince those around him he was by buying into the lies and transparencies the upper-class use to achieve popularity and success, as do Daisy and Tom.
In the beginning of the chapter, Gatsby tells Nick about his past because he feels he has a genuine friendship with Nick, and does not want him driven away by the rumors about him. Gatsbys change of his identity was the specific moment that witnessed the beginning of his career (Fitzgerald 98), otherwise credited for starting his success. Gatzs torn green jersey (Fitzgerald 98) symbolizes his lack of money and experience, which he tried to mask by creating a new identity (Jay Gatsby). Gatz rationalized his new identity by saying he was a Son of God (Fitzgerald 99), thereby denouncing that he was the son of unsuccessful farmers. He also rationalized his fantasy life by believing the rock of the world was founded on a fairys wing (Fitzgerald 100) further condoning lies to increase his confidence. Dan Codys arrival in North Dakota symbolized the arrival of his destiny with Codys yacht which symbolized all the beauty and glamour of the world (Fitzgerald 100-1) and was also Gatsbys vehicle for success. By not receiving the $25,000 promised to him in Codys will, this pushes Gatsby even further to attain his own wealth and glory. It is evident that Gatsby feels the need to buy others affection as seen on page 102 where he would feel uneasy until he had given [Tom, Mr. Sloane, and the woman] something, realizing in a vague way that war all the came for. Although he did not want to accept it, Gatsby realized that people only saw him for his money and knew that Nick and possibly Daisy were the only people he could count on as true friends. This fact is reiterated when the woman invites Gatsby to her dinner party to make it appear as though she is very popular and wealthy. According to Mr. Sloane, who is the only honest one among the trio, she really does not know Gatsby or want him to attend. However, it becomes clearer that being ordinary is not acceptable in the wealthy community at Gatsbys party that weekend, attended by Tom and Daisy.
Nick felt the atmosphere of the part changed when Daisy arrived because Gatsby actually cared and his nervous mood pervaded the party making it more serious. The parties that once seemed fun to Nick, who was immersed in the laid-back lifestyle of West Egg, was now disappointed and uninterested after trying to experience the party from the perspective of a wealthy and sophisticated East Egger. Daisy had seen and experienced so much that this party could hardly have the same effect on her as it had on Nick and all the others. At the party the green cards that Daisy was passing out to men symbolized money, while the men who reproduce these cards for her symbolizes they are of the same status and caliber as she, and therefore deserving of her time. By claiming to know anyone and acting totally disinterested in the party, Tom is focusing all the attention on himself while simultaneously criticizing Gatsbys party. Gatsby retaliates shrewdly by introducing Tom to almost every one present as the polo player (Fitzgerald 106) implying that Tom is so boring that a lie is needed to make him more appealing and memorable to the elite guests. Gatsbys dancing and lengthy chat with Daisy symbolized his true happiness, as he was usually more reserved or occupied with long distance phone calls at previous parties. The golden pencil that Daisy gave Tom to write down acquaintances addresses also symbolizes their money, which is the only thing she and Tom currently seem to have in common. She knows he is off eating dinner with another woman whom she describes as common but pretty (Fitzgerald 107) signifying that this is not the first time that Tom has done this and she is like all the other girls that he is usually attracted to. It is at the party, however, that Nick realizes how different money makes a person because of Daisys reception of the party and West Egg.
Daisy acts pretentiously at the party, and feels as though West Egg is a dirty town lacking sophistication and an appreciation for wealth. According to Nick, West Egg had a simplicity she failed to understand (Fitzgerald 109) meaning that Daisy could not understand anything that was ordinary. She did not enjoy herself at the party because it was full of regular people trying to escape from the tribulations of their normal lives. She could not relate to them because she never had to worry about having a constant stream of income or where she was going to sleep at night. Daisy was beyond average, a pedestal she attained through a fantasy world that had been created for her by Tom and her family in Louisville. Tom continues to boost his confidence by accusing Gatsby of being a bootlegger. This not only causes Daisy to become angry with him, but also makes Gatsby seem like less of a man by insinuating he did not work as hard for his fortune as Tom had. Tom sees through her transparent defense of Gatsby as an owner of a chain of drug stores and takes her home, although she longs to stay. As she leaves, the waltz Three Oclock in the Morning is playing and seems to draw her mind back in to the party. She remembers how things used to be between her and Gatsby and she is concerned that if she leaves now, another woman might come and steal his heart away after his five years of suffering. It is here that she realizes the power she possesses over Gatsby and now that she knows this, she does not wish to lose it. Driving his obsession with Daisy and wealth is his firm belief that it is possible to repeat the past (Fitzgerald 111) which is why he believes Daisy will leave Tom and they will eventually marry at her Louisville home, as would have happened five years earlier. At the end of the chapter Gatsby tells Nick of Daisy and his first kiss, in which he uses biblical allusions to describe the fateful night. Once he kissed her he knew that he should marry her because his mind would never romp again like the mind of God (Fitzgerald 112). Before he kisses her white face(Fitzgerald 112) she is pure, but while he kisses her she blossomed for him like a flower (Fitzgerald 112) signifying to Gatsby she now belonged to him. These comparisons dumbfound Nick, as he provides no commentary on this story. However, by relating the event in this manner, Gatsby proves that he feels the need to imagine a life for himself to appear impressive. By equating himself to God, Gatsby proves that he is a pathetic man who cannot bear to admit he is ordinary and by kissing Daisy he believes he has transformed her from ordinary to magnificent. Through Nicks narration of Chapter Six it is evident that the wealthy all put on a front to try to impress others. Tom is hiding his low self-esteem, Gatsby is hiding his humble roots, and Tom is manipulating Daisy so she embraces her false reality. Nick is the only character who is honest about his past and is content accepting that he is a white-collar worker struggling to be successful.
The wealthy of the 1920s defined themselves by how well they could hide their insufficiencies, as seen with Tom, Daisy, and Gatsby. Tom and Daisy felt compelled to act as though they were better than the masses because they earned it through their wealth. They attempted to be considered anything but ordinary by amassing expensive objects and acting pretentiously around the ordinary citizens of West Egg. Gatsby fueled his wealth by his belief in the fantasy life of Jay Gatsby and hoped his elevation from the ordinary level would be enough to win back Daisy. Jay Gatsbys fervent belief that the past could be repeated was overwhelming and would eventually culminate in his death. His obsession and devotion for Daisy were so intense he expected her to leave Tom so they could recreate the relationship they had five years earlier. Even though Gatsby was not wealthy all his life, he fit among the upper class because he lived in an unrealistic fantasy world like all the others. Here, no amount of money could satisfy his desire to turn back time, not only so he could be with Daisy, but so he could stop pretending to be Jay Gatsby. Symbols, such as Daisys green cards and the waltz reveal the shallow character of Daisy and conjure sympathy for Gatsby, who struggled to stay in her life.
Works Cited
Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1986.
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